Ohio Assessments for Educators (OAE) Early Childhood Practice Exam

According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary conflict facing young children at the beginning of elementary school?

1. industry vs. inferiority

2. intimacy vs. isolation

3. trust vs. mistrust

4. identity vs. role confusion

The correct answer is: industry vs. inferiority

In Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, the primary conflict that young children face at the beginning of elementary school is indeed industry vs. inferiority. During this stage, which typically occurs between the ages of 6 and 12, children are developing a sense of competence and the ability to work collaboratively with others. At this age, children are beginning to learn valuable skills and acquire knowledge that allows them to engage in more structured activities like schoolwork, sports, and various forms of play. Success in these areas fosters a sense of industry, where the child feels capable and confident in their abilities. On the other hand, if children struggle or fail to master the tasks set before them, they may develop feelings of inferiority, questioning their self-worth and competence. This stage emphasizes the importance of social interactions and the role of teachers and peers in helping children build a sense of accomplishment. It is a critical period where encouragement and support from adults can significantly impact a child's self-esteem and motivation to learn. The conflicts identified in the other options occur at different stages of development and are not relevant to the experiences of young children at the beginning of elementary school.